Development assistance for health: should policy-makers worry about its macroeconomic impact?
Eleonora Cavagnero, Christopher Lane, David B Evans, Guy Carrin
Volume 86, Number 11, November 2008, 864-870
Table 2. Descriptive statistics of risk factors for Dutch disease,a 63 aid-dependent countries
| Statistic | Increase in DAH 2004–2005 / 2002–2003 in % | Aid volatilityb | Ratio of foreign-exchange reserves to imports | Consumer price inflation in % | Financial depth: ratio of broad money to GDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 63.3 | 0.197 | 6.0 | 29.0 | 0.344 |
| Median | 23.9 | 0.175 | 5.0 | 6.2 | 0.277 |
| Standard deviation | 159.6 | 0.093 | 4.7 | 163.1 | 0.268 |
| Countries with data available | 62 | 63 | 55 | 61 | 57 |
DAH, development assistance to health; GDP, gross domestic product.aDutch disease is an economic phenomenon that can occur when the inflow of large amounts of foreign exchange leads to an increase in inflation and loss of international competitiveness, with an adverse impact on exports and economic growth.b Deviation of annual aid from its long-term trend using the Hodrick–Prescott filter.