Global strategies to reduce the price of antiretroviral medicines: evidence from transactional databases
Brenda Waning, Warren Kaplan, Alexis C King, Danielle A Lawrence, Hubert G Leufkens & Matthew P Fox
Volume 87, Number 7, July 2009, 520-528
Table 1. Number and total value of individual ARV purchases between July 2002 and October 2007
| Antiretroviral | Total number of purchases | Total value of all purchases (US$)a | Volume of ARV doses purchasedb |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low | Medium | High | |||||
| (lowest third) | (middle third) | (highest third) | |||||
| Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) | |||||||
| Abacavir 300 mg | 247 | 9 612 930 | 300–6 120 | 6 240–37 140 | 39 000–781 200 | ||
| Didanosine 100 mg | 172 | 1 854 615 | 60–3 600 | 3 720–29 880 | 30 000–324 480 | ||
| Didanosine 200 mg | 115 | 1 693 087 | 240–3 960 | 4 020–27 000 | 28 680–343 260 | ||
| Didanosine 400 mg | 126 | 4 648 567 | 90–2 310 | 2 400–15 390 | 15 540–332 340 | ||
| Lamivudine 150 mg | 580 | 15 911 293 | 120–28 080 | 28 320–179 160 | 180 000–5 904 000 | ||
| Stavudine 20 mg | 113 | 461 819 | 56–10 800 | 12 000–48 600 | 51 600–840 000 | ||
| Stavudine 30 mg | 389 | 4 018 395 | 60–11 880 | 12 000–120 000 | 121 440–5 790 000 | ||
| Stavudine 40 mg | 382 | 5 745 885 | 120–9 600 | 9 900–94 696 | 95 200–4 373 100 | ||
| Stavudine 30 mg plus lamivudine 150 mg | 257 | 43 916 698 | 240–6 900 | 7 200–48 000 | 51 000–401 346 960 | ||
| Stavudine 40 mg plus lamivudine 150 mg | 206 | 1 389 119 | 27–4 020 | 4 080–24 120 | 24 180–1 500 000 | ||
| Tenofovir 300 mg | 137 | 8 800 097 | 89–9 000 | 10 140–45 600 | 45 900–1 440 000 | ||
| Zidovudine 100 mg | 232 | 2 734 390 | 200–7 400 | 7 500–42 800 | 43 200–3 550 000 | ||
| Zidovudine 300 mg | 311 | 6 016 544 | 120–11 580 | 12 000–47 280 | 48 000–1 600 020 | ||
| Zidovudine 300 mg plus lamivudine 150 mg | 691 | 79 642 912 | 120–30 000 | 32 040–230 040 | 231 000–137 648 400 | ||
| Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) | |||||||
| Efavirenz 50 mg | 170 | 801 118 | 90–5 400 | 5 700–31 500 | 34 500–454 500 | ||
| Efavirenz 200 mg | 350 | 13 661 610 | 90–9 000 | 9 270–45 630 | 45 720–2 563 200 | ||
| Efavirenz 600 mg | 616 | 73 531 130 | 60–12 990 | 13 020–110 970 | 112 440–6 693 480 | ||
| Nevirapine 200 mg | 727 | 32 204 756 | 60–19 020 | 19 500–120 000 | 120 120–12 534 000 | ||
| Fixed-dose combination of NRTIs and an NNRTI | |||||||
| Stavudine 30 mg plus lamivudine 150 mg plus nevirapine 200 mg | 392 | 145 267 223 | 420–25 620 | 27 000–262 200 | 282 000–486 404 460 | ||
| Stavudine 40 mg plus lamivudine 150 mg plus nevirapine 200 mg | 335 | 17 617 177 | 360–18 960 | 19 080–92 520 | 92 760–3 957 093 | ||
| Protease inhibitors | |||||||
| Indinavir 400 mg | 164 | 7 573 719 | 540–27 000 | 27 900–112 680 | 115 200–1 602 000 | ||
| Lopinavir 133.3 mg plus ritonavir 33.3 mg | 217 | 18 281 938 | 138–19 440 | 21 600–88 200 | 90 000–2 640 780 | ||
| Nelfinavir 250 mg | 214 | 21 941 575 | 540–33 750 | 34 290–167 400 | 175 500–4 185 000 | ||
| Ritonavir 100 mg | 110 | 1 908 638 | 336–6 720 | 7 140–45 360 | 47 040–360 024 | ||
ARV, antiretroviral; US$, United States dollar.
a Value before adjustment based on the United States annual consumer price index.
b The purchase volume was categorized as low, medium or high using thirds for the specific purchase volume distribution for each ARV dosage form.