Bulletin of the World Health Organization

Estimating the obstetric costs of female genital mutilation in six African countries

Taghreed Adam, Heli Bathija, David Bishai, Yung-Ting Bonnenfant, Manal Darwish, Dale Huntington, Elise Johansen & for the FGM Cost Study Group of the World Health Organization

Volume 88, Number 4, April 2010, 281-288

Table 2. Incidence-based estimates of costs and years of life lost per incident case of female genital mutilation, by type, in a modelled cohort of women of reproductive age (15–45 years) in six African countries

Country	FGM–3		FGM–2		FGM–1		Weighted average^b
Country	YLL^a	Cost (I$)	YLL	Cost (I$)	YLL	Cost (I$)	YLL	Cost (I$)
Burkina Faso	0.31	3.81	0.09	2.91	0.01	0.38	0.10	2.34
Ghana	0.19	4.30	0.06	2.13	0.01	0.37	0.05	1.70
Kenya	0.21	7.34	0.06	2.92	0.01	0.61	0.07	2.86
Nigeria	0.27	4.04	0.09	2.35	0.02	0.02	0.04	0.70
Senegal	0.26	4.13	0.08	2.49	0.01	0.40	0.06	1.86
Sudan	0.23	5.81	0.07	2.56	0.01	0.49	0.21	5.33
Weighted average^b	0.23	5.82	0.08	2.50	0.02	0.11	0.07	1.71

FGM, female genital mutilation; I$, international (purchasing power parity) dollars; YLL, years of life lost.
^a All losses are estimated relative to a baseline of no FGM.
^b Weighted by estimated population of women with corresponding FGM type in each country.