Policy interventions that attract nurses to rural areas: a multicountry discrete choice experiment
D Blaauw, E Erasmus, N Pagaiya, V Tangcharoensathein, K Mullei, S Mudhune, C Goodman, M English & M Lagarde
Volume 88, Number 5, May 2010, 350-356
Table 1. Key indicators used in discrete choice experiment for assessing the effectiveness of policies to attract nurses to rural areas in Kenya, South Africa and Thailand, 2006
| Indicator | Kenya | South Africa | Thailand |
|---|---|---|---|
| National population × 106 | 36.5 | 48.3 | 63.4 |
| Population in rural areas (%) | 79 | 40 | 67 |
| GNP per capita (PPP$) | 1 470 | 8 900 | 7 440 |
| Total expenditure on health (% of GDP) | 4.6 | 8.6 | 3.5 |
| Per capita expenditure on health (PPP$) | 105 | 869 | 346 |
| No. of nurses | 37 113 | 184 459 | 172 477 |
| No. of nurses per 10 000 population | 12 | 41 | 28 |
| No. of doctors | 4 506 | 34 829 | 22 435 |
| No. of doctors per 10 000 population | 1 | 8 | 4 |
| Life expectancy at birth (years) | 53 | 51 | 72 |
| IMR (per 1 000 live births) | 79 | 56 | 7 |
| MMR (per 100 000 live births) | 560 | 400 | 110 |
| HIV infection prevalence (%) | 6.1 | 16.6 | 11.4 |
GDP, gross domestic product; GNP, gross national product; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IMR, infant mortality rate; MMR, maternal mortality ratio; PPP$, purchasing power parity dollar.
Data from the World Health Organization.23