Effect on road traffic injuries of criminalizing road traffic offences: a time–series study
Ana M Novoa, Katherine Pérez, Elena Santamariña-Rubio & Carme Borrell
Volume 89, Number 6, June 2011, 422-431
Table 1. Traffic offences criminalized under the reformed Spanish penal code (2007) and their associated penalties
| Offence | Prison term | Finea | Community service | Licence suspension |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exceeding speed limitb | 3–6 mob | 6–12 mob | 31–90 d | 1–4 y |
| Driving under the influence of alcohol (BAC > 1.2 g/l) or other drugs | 3–6 mob | 6–12 mob | 31–90 d | 1–4 y |
| Reckless drivingc and risking the lives or safety of others | 6–24 mo | 1–6 y | ||
| Reckless driving,c showing contempt for the lives of others and risking their lives or safety | 2–5 y | 12–24 mo | 6–10 y and vehicle requisition | |
| Reckless driving,c showing contempt for the lives of others without risking their lives or safety | 1–2 y | 6–12 mo | 6–10 y and vehicle requisition | |
| Criminalized offences and injury to others | 2.5–4 y | Definitive suspension | ||
| Refusing to undergo alcohol or other drugs tests | 6–12 mo | 1–4 y | ||
| Driving without a licence | 3–6 mob | 12–24 mob | 10–40 d | |
| Generating road traffic riskd | 6–24 mob | 12–24 mob | 10–40 d |
BAC, blood alcohol concentration; d, days; mo, months; y, years.
a Between 60 and 1200 euros a month depending on economic and personal circumstances. Offenders can choose between a prison term and a fine.
b Driving at > 60 km/h on urban roads and at > 80 km/h on non-urban roads.
c Punishable speeding or driving under the influence of alcohol or other drugs.
d Includes leaving obstacles on the road, spilling slippery or flammable substances, modifying or destroying road signs or not restoring road safety when responsible for altering it.