Maternal multiple micronutrient supplementation and pregnancy outcomes in developing countries: meta-analysis and meta-regression
Kosuke Kawai, Donna Spiegelman, Anuraj H Shankar & Wafaie W Fawzi
Volume 89, Number 6, June 2011, 402-411B
Table 2. Summary of pooled estimates for the effect of maternal micronutrient supplementation on pregnancy outcomes
| Pregnancy outcome | No. of trials | Pooled RR or mean difference (95% CI) | I2 (P-value) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Low birth weighta | 15 | 0.86 (0.79–0.93) | 41% (0.05) |
| Birth weight | 15 | 44 g (28–60) | 57% (0.003) |
| Preterm birthb | 14 | 0.99 (0.95–1.03) | 0% (0.63) |
| Small size for gestational agec | 15 | 0.85 (0.78–0.93) | 47% (0.02) |
| Perinatal deathd | 11 | 1.05 (0.90–1.22) | 58% (0.008) |
| Neonatal deathe | 11 | 1.08 (0.92–1.26) | 28% (0.17) |
CI, confidence interval; RR, relative risk.
a Birth weight < 2500 g.
b Birth before the 37th week of gestation.
c Birth weight below the 10th percentile of weight for gestational age.
d Death from the 28th week of gestation through the first week postpartum.
e Death within 28 days of delivery.