The impact of health insurance in Africa and Asia: a systematic review
Ernst Spaan, Judith Mathijssen, Noor Tromp, Florence McBain, Arthur ten Have & Rob Baltussen
Volume 90, Number 9, September 2012, 685-692
Table 2. Strength of the evidence on the impact of different types of health insurance on certain domains in Africa and Asiaa
| Health insurance type | Resource mobilization |
Utilization |
Financial protection |
Quality of care |
Social inclusion |
Community empowerment |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proportionb | Judgement | Proportion | Judgement | Proportion | Judgement | Proportion | Judgement | Proportion | Judgement | Proportion | Judgement | ||||||
| Social health insurance | –5/9 | Inconclusive | +29/47 | Strongly positive | +34/57 | Strongly positive | +6/13 | Weakly positive | +10/22 | Weakly positive | +1/1 | Inconclusive | |||||
| Community-based health insurance | +13/19 | Strongly positive | +30/42 | Strongly positive | +23/29 | Strongly positive | +3/8 | Weakly positive | +21/42 | Weakly positive | +1/5 | Inconclusive | |||||
| Private health insurance | 0/0 | Inconclusive | +1/2 | Inconclusive | +2/4 | Inconclusive | 0/0 | Inconclusive | +1/1 | Inconclusive | 0/0 | Inconclusive | |||||
a Only includes studies of medium quality or higher. See text for more detail on quality assessment.
b This proportion represents net number of negative or positive studies over the total number of included studies on a certain domain.