Interventions
WHO/P.Virot
Breastfeeding is one of the most effective ways to ensure child health and survival
Behavioural interventions focus on the adjustment of personal practices and habits. Adding nutrients to staple foods is termed fortification, while supplementation refers to the provision of individual or mixtures of nutrients separately from the diet.
Nutrition interventions that take place in a specific setting are categorized as situational health actions. Other health-related interventions, such as deworming, also have an impact on nutrition.
Behavioural
- Breastfeeding – continued breastfeeding
- Breastfeeding – early initiation
- Breastfeeding – exclusive breastfeeding
- Complementary feeding
- Feeding of low-birth-weight infants
- Infant feeding for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
- Insecticide-treated nets to prevent malaria and anaemia in pregnant women
- Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality and improve growth in low-birth-weight infants
- Nutrition counselling for adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS
- Nutritional care for HIV-infected children
Fortification
- Fortification of rice
- Fortification of wheat and maize flours
- Iodization of salt
- Multiple micronutrient powders for home fortification of foods consumed by children 6–23 months of age
- Multiple micronutrient powders for home fortification of foods consumed by pregnant women
- Vitamin A fortification of staple foods
Health-related actions
- Biofortification of cereal crops
- Cord clamping for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia in infants: optimal timing
- Deworming to combat the health and nutritional impact of soil-transmitted helminths
- Insecticide-treated nets to prevent malaria and anaemia in pregnant women
- Water, sanitation and hygiene interventions to prevent diarrhoea
Supplementation
- Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for the prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia
- Energy and protein supplementation during pregnancy
- Intermittent iron and folic acid supplementation for menstruating women
- Intermittent iron and folic acid supplementation in non-anaemic pregnant women
- Intermittent iron supplementation in preschool and school-age children
- Iodine supplementation during pregnancy
- Iron or iron/folic acid supplementation to prevent anaemia in postpartum women
- Iron supplementation for children in malaria-endemic regions
- Marine oil supplementation during pregnancy
- Micronutrient supplementation for HIV-infected women during pregnancy
- Micronutrient supplementation in children with severe acute malnutrition
- Multiple micronutrient powders for home fortification of foods consumed by children 6–23 months of age
- Multiple micronutrient powders for home fortification of foods consumed by pregnant women
- Multiple micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy
- Nutritional care for adults with active tuberculosis
- Periconceptional supplementation with folate with or without multivitamins to prevent neural tube defects
- Vitamin A supplementation for children with respiratory infections
- Vitamin A supplementation for HIV-infected adults
- Vitamin A supplementation for HIV-infected women during pregnancy
- Vitamin A supplementation in infants 1–5 months of age
- Vitamin A supplementation in infants and children 6–59 months of age
- Vitamin A supplementation in neonates
- Vitamin A supplementation in postpartum women
- Vitamin A supplementation in pregnant women
- Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy for the prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia
- Vitamin D supplementation for children with respiratory infections
- Vitamin D supplementation in infants
- Vitamin E supplementation for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
- Zinc supplementation for children with respiratory infections
- Zinc supplementation in the management of diarrhoea
Situational health actions
- Feeding of low-birth-weight infants
- Food supplementation for children with moderate acute malnutrition
- Supplementary feeding in community settings for promoting child growth
- Treatment of dehydration in children with severe acute malnutrition
- Treatment of hypoglycaemia in severely malnourished children
- Treatment of hypothermia in severely malnourished children
- Treatment of severe acute malnutrition in HIV-infected children