Tools and methods
How to undertake an HIA
This section will draw on a number of case studies to briefly describe the theory and practice of carrying out an HIA. Many HIA guidance documents have been produced, from all regions of the world and we encourage you to use these for detailed work. While there is no single agreed method for undertaking HIA, a general pattern has emerged amongst methods and there is much overlap between them.
Guidance documents often break HIA into four, five or six stages. Despite the differing number of stages, it is important to note that there are no significant differences between the methods. Also, the theoretical stages often overlap and intermingle, and a clean separation is not often obvious in practice. The stages are:
Evidence use within HIA
The HIA procedure
Other impact assessments
Other tools
HIA capacity building
Toolkits, guides, overviews and other helpful documents
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