Programme assessments and field studies
Strategies described here are useful for assessing disease burden before vaccine introduction and assessing programme performance and disease reduction after introduction. These strategies complement routine surveillance as described in the WHO Standards for Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases [pdf 265kb]
It is hoped that with the information contained in these documents vaccination system staff will be more familiar with the alternative strategies available to them for evaluating the performance and impact of vaccination systems in their country
Severe gastroenteritis and rotavirus
Severe gastroenteritis and rotavirus infection are a major public health problem worldwide and a major contributor to under five mortality and morbidity. Safe and effective vaccines that protect against severe rotavirus infection will be available soon
The documents below review and describe strategies for assessing the need for and impact of rotavirus vaccines
- Generic protocols for (i) hospital-based surveillance to estimate the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children and (ii) a community-based survey on utilization of health care services for gastroenteritis in children. Field test version [pdf 1,42mb]
- Acute intussusception in infants and children. Incidence, clinical presentation and management: a global perspective [pdf 311kb]
- Generic protocol to estimate the burden of Shigella diarrhoea and dysenteric mortality - Field test version [pdf 114kb]
Hepatitis, Hepatitis B virus and HepB vaccines
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and its sequellae are a major public health problem worldwide. A safe and effective vaccine against HBV infection has been available since the mid 1980s and an increasing number of developing countries are introducing HepB vaccine into their routine childhood vaccination programme
The document below reviews and describes strategies for assessing the performance and impact of HepB vaccination programmes
Meningitis, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and other causes of bacterial meningitis, and Hib conjugate vaccine
Hib pneumonia and Hib meningitis are a major public health problem worldwide. A safe and effective conjugate vaccine against Hib disease has been available since the mid 1980's and, despite slow uptake initially, since 2001 an increasing number of developing countries are introducing Hib vaccine into their routine childhood vaccination programme
The documents below review and describe several strategies for assessing the performance and impact of Hib vaccination programmes
- Estimating the local burden of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease preventable by vaccination, a rapid assessment tool [pdf 169kb]
- Estimating the potential cost-effectiveness of using Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine. Field test version 1 [pdf 37kb]
- Generic protocol for population-based surveillance of Haemophilus influenzae type b [pdf 126kb]
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Journal article: Rapid assessment tool for Haemophilus influenzae tupe b disease in developing countries
pdf, 168kb - WHO/AFRO Hib Paedriatic Bacterial Meningitis (PBM) surveillance network website