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HIV/AIDSDuring 1999, over 5 million people became newly infected with HIV -- bringing to over 34 million the number of people living with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. The HIV/AIDS epidemic has claimed almost 19 million lives over the past two decades -- including almost 4 million children. And it has left over 13 million children orphaned in its wake.
Life expectancy and child survival rates have plummeted in some of the worst affected countries and the disease is today having a major impact on social and economic development.
Hardest hit is sub-Saharan Africa where 24.5 million people are now living with HIV. In Botswana, almost 36% of the adult population are infected.
Meanwhile in South Africa, where one in five of the population are HIV positive, over 4 million people are living with AIDS -- more than in any other country in the world.
Prevention and care strategies for HIVThere is no cure for AIDS. However, a comprehensive package of prevention and care strategies -- based on firm political commitment, can have a major impact on the burden and spread of HIV/AIDS.
Effective measures include:
- Accessible, inexpensive condoms
- Immediate treatment of other sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
- Voluntary counselling and testing (VCT)
- Prevention of mother-to-child transmission
- Promotion of harm reduction to reduce HIV infection in drug users
- Sexual health education in school and beyond
- Accelerating access to care, support, and treatment, including psychosocial support, home and community-based care, and innovative new partnerships to provide sustainable and affordable supplies of medicines and diagnostics.