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THE BOTTOM LINE

“Illness and death from infectious diseases can be, in most cases, avoided at an affordable cost. It is everyone's interest that these obstacles to development be removed. Because of drug resistance, increased travel and the emergence of new diseases, we may only have a limited time in which to make rapid progress. Those who have received this report have a unique responsibility, as they are leaders in society who can make a substantial contribution to the prevention and control of infectious diseases.”

Dr Gro Harlem Brundtland,
Director-General, World Health Organization

This document is not a formal publication of the World Health Organization (WHO) and all rights
are reserved by the organization. The document may, however, be freely reviewed, abstracted,
reproduced or translated, in part or in whole, but not for sale nor for use in conjunction with commercial purposes.

Notes:
• Throughout this report, the term “infectious disease” is used to refer to all communicable diseases, including parasitic and zoonotic diseases, and some forms of respiratory infections and diarrhoeal diseases. • $ refers to US dollars. • The term “billion” is used to mean a thousand million.

Project director: Kraig Klaudt • Managing editor: Agnès Leotsakos • Writer: Sheila Davey • Cover design and illustrations: Agnès Leotsakos • Editorial support: Lenese Carpenter • Documentation of data: Evidence and Information for Policy cluster • Editorial Committee: John Clements, Peggy Creese, Andy Crump, Sandra Doyle, Arlette Miller, Francesco Rio, Jim Tulloch, Mary Vallanjon, Cathy Wolfheim, David Heymann

Photographs: WHO Photo Library • Web & print production: Jay Dowle • Printed version by: Atar, Switzerland
Publication code: WHO/CDS/99.1
© World Health Organization 1999