Sub-national and district management:
Basic values and principles
Equity in health
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Tackling Health Inequalities: New Approaches in Public Policy
Jeanette Vega and Alec Irwin, 2004, WHO, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, July 2004, 82 (7)
Social determinants of health; roles and responsibilities of other sectors: education, transport, labour, environment; intersectoral action
(2 pages, pdf 54kb) -
Poverty and Health Sector Inequalities
Adam Wagstaff, Commission on Macroeconomics and Health, 2002,
WHO, Bulletin of the World Health Organization;80:97-105.
Poverty and ill-health intertwined; the poor tend to have worse health outcomes than the better-off; causality running in both directions: poverty breeds ill-health, and ill-health keeps poor people poor. evidence on inequalities in health; consequences for impoverishment and income inequality associated with health care expenses; causes of inequalities; effectiveness of policies
(8 pages, pdf 271kb) -
Integrating Equity into Health Information Systems: a Human Rights Approach to Health and Information
Lexi Bambas, PLoS Medicine 2005 Volume 2, Issue 4
Every individual matters; everyone should have opportunities for health; Governments are accountable to the public, communities have a right to the information they need to make healthy decisions; governments, communities, and individuals are all responsible for promoting health
(3 pages, pdf 267kb) -
Research on Equity and Community Health: Challenging Barriers to Health Care
pdf, 264kb
Alison Dunn, Bertha Simwaka Nhlema, Sally Theobald, Rachael Thomson and Bertie Squire, 2005, Health Link Worldwide
Cost of care causes poverty; gender affects access to care; participation with policy makers, practitioners and community members; multi-method approach;
(4 pages; pdf 259kb) -
Ethics and Governance of Global Health Inequalities
J P Ruger, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2006;60 pp:998–1003
Why are global health inequalities so morally troubling? Why are efforts to reduce global health inequalities morally justified? How should global health inequalities be measured? How much priority should be given to disadvantaged groups? What does reducing global health disparities require? What duties and responsibilities ascribe to global and state actors and institutions, proportionally.
(7 pages, pdf 135kb) -
Course Reader: Health Equity - Research To Action
The GEGA Coordinating Committee, 2004, The Cape Town Equity Gauge and The School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape
Concepts of equity; developing an equity plan; 3 equity gauge pillars: 1) assessment & monitoring,
2) advocacy and 3)community empowerment and participation; planning action for equity; readings
(72 pages, pdf 1.10MB) - WHO website on Equity
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Equinet Africa
Meetings, training, grants, publications, etc. - International Journal for Equity in Health
- Equity in Asia-Pacific Health Systems (EQUITAP)
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Equity and Access
Australian development gateway -
The Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities
UN, 1993
Available in 6 languages; Accessibility, education, employment, income, family life, culture, sport, religion, implementation measures monitoring
(Web page with links to 5 sections: click on the blue headings to access details)
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Equity in Access to Public Health
WHO Regional Office for South East Asia