Readings for a new hospital manager
Set 2: A bit more in-depth
The role of the hospital
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The role of the hospital in a changing environment
Martin McKee & Judith Healy, 2000, WHO, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2000, 78 (6)
Summarizes the evidence underlying three hospital reform strategies: (i) behavioural interventions such as quality assurance programmes; (ii) changing organizational culture; and (iii) the use of financial incentives.
(8 pages, pdf 211kb) -
Management of District Hospitals - Exploring Success
ID Couper, JFM Hugo, 2005, Remote and Rural Health 5:433
Success factors include: teams working together for a purpose; open communication and sharing information; management structures and processes to support teamwork and service delivery; being answerable to the community
(19 pages, pdf 441kb)
Professional skills and social values
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Managing Self and Personal Skills
2004, Management Standards Centre
Brief notes on: setting objectives, communicating, planning, time management, evaluating, reviewing, learning, obtaining feedback, self-assessment, outcomes of performance; behaviours which underpin effective performance
(3 pages, pdf 20kb) -
Poverty and health sector inequalities
Adam Wagstaff, Commission on Macroeconomics and Health, 2003, WHO
Poverty and ill-health intertwined; the poor tend to have worse health outcomes than the better-off; causality running in both directions: poverty breeds ill-health, and ill-health keeps poor people poor. evidence on inequalities in health; consequences
(8 pages, pdf 271kb)
Supply management
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Ensuring Secure and Reliable Supply And Distribution Systems in Developing Countries in the Context of HIV/AIDS and PMTCT
Pharmaceuticals and Micronutrients Team, 2004, UNICEF
Checklists for: coordinating supply management; equipment and consumables; reliable, cost-effectve procurment; storage and distribution; appropriate patient care;
(9 pages, pdf 60kb) -
Lessons Learned In Managing Laboratory Supplies
pdf, 205kb
John Snow Inc., DELIVER, 2006, USAID
Assessing laboratory capacity; stakeholder commitment and coordinating body to strengthen laboratory capacity; standardized laboratory systems are needed because of the large number of commodities to be managed; service statistics data can be used for quantification and procurement; the logistics system provides the base for laboratory services.
(8 pages, pdf 201kb)
Managing human resources
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Improving Supervision: A Team Approach
J. Benavente; C. Madden, 1993, Management Sciences for Health
Developing a supervisory system; strengthening supervision: support staff, attend the work environment, educate staff, discuss problems with staff and work with them to find solutions; understand the needs and demands of clients; clinical, staff and management areas to supervise; giving feedback
(18 pages, pdf 270kb) -
Performance management tool
1998, Management Sciences for Health
Performance planning and review system; developing performance objectives; developing job descriptions
(19 pages, pdf 69kb)
Service delivery
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Surgical Care at the District Hospital Chapter 1
pdf, 166kb
2003, WHO
Chapter 1: Organization and Management of the District Surgical Service:
Leadership, team skills, ethics, education, record keeping, evaluation, disaster planning; apply the medical skills of evaluation and planning to your work as a manager; respect the knowledge and expertise of senior hospital staff; every institution has a history and the legacy of what has happened and why things have worked or not worked is held in the memory of the employees; the pride people feel in their workplace and the services they offer is a valuable commodity and is the greatest resource of any health care facility.
(24 pages, pdf 163KB) -
Preventing Nosocomial Infections
Chapter from Infection Prevention Guidelines for Healthcare Facilities with Limited Resources, 2003, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health/Center for Communication Programs
This paper covers: The most common types of nosocomial infections
What impact nosocomial infections have on healthcare
How nosocomial infections increase the cost of healthcare
Why preventing nosocomial infections is important
(6 pages, pdf 55KB) -
Aide-Memoire Surgical and Emergency Obstetrical Care at First Referral Level
2003, WHO
Notes on: personnel; education; facilities; equipment and instruments; supply system; quality system;
(2 pages, pdf 66kb) -
Aide-Memoire for Diagnostic Imaging Services
WHO
Develop and maintain services; guidelines and regulations; national and local levels
(2 pages, pdf 48kb) -
Ten Recommendations To Improve Use of Medicines In Developing Countries
Ro Laing, Hv Hogerzeil and D Ross-Degnan, 2001, Health Policy and Planning 16(1): 13–20
Simple methods to monitor drug use in a standardized way and to identify inefficiencies: standard treatment guidelines; essential drugs lists; pharmacy and therapeutics committees; problem-based basic professional training and targeted in-service trainining; focus groups; pharmacists give advice to consumers; educate the public; improve prescribing; monitor drug indicators carefully
(8 pages, pdf 55kb) -
Referral and Network Development
WHO Regional Office for South East Asia
Rationale for the development of a referral system and networks; continuum of care; levels of care; case study
(6 pages, pdf 60kb) -
Information Systems: The Key to Evidence-based Health Practice
Roberto J. Rodrigues, 2000, WHO, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2000, 78: 1344–1351
Health services and programme management decision-making; development, validation and use of a variety of sources of evidence and knowledge; opportunities and challenges; reference databases, contextual data, clinical data repositories, administrative data repositories, decision support software, and Internet-based interactive health information and communication
(8 pages, pdf 289kb)
Staff and patient safety
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Aide-Memoire For National Blood Programmes: Clinical Use of Blood
2004, WHO
Pre-requisites; national guidelines; education and training; hospital transfusion committees; monitoring and evaluation
(2 pages, pdf 141kb) -
Mercury in Health Care
2005, WHO
Mercury is highly toxic, especially when metabolized into methyl mercury. Health-care facilities are one of the main sources of mercury release into the atmosphere because of emissions from the incineration of medical waste.
(2 pages, pdg 33kb) -
Guiding principles to ensure injection device security
2003, WHO
Reuse of injection devices without sterilization is of concern as it may transmit hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), accounting for 30%, 41% and 5% of new infections in 2000, respectively. This brief comments on forecasting, financing, procurement and management of necessary supplies.
(2 pages, pdf 878kb)
Monitoring and evaluation
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Preparing a Performance Monitoring Plan
Performance Monitoring and Evaluation TIPS # 7, 1996, USAID
What is performance management?; why do it; elements; data collection; reporting; communicating results
(4 pages, pdf 26kb) -
Establishing Performance Targets
Performance Monitoring and Evaluation TIPS # 8, 1996, USAID
What are performance targets?; why use them; information neede; approaches to setting and using targets
(5 pages, pdf 39kb) -
Monitoring and Evaluation - online study course
Global Health eLearning Centre, USAID
Access to the online course requires registration, but it is free and provides access to several courses. The M&E course takes 1.5 to 2 hours and a certificate is awarded after passing the final exam.
The course covers: • purposes and scope of M&E • difference between monitoring functions and evaluation functions • planning for M&E • conceptual frameworks, results frameworks, and logic models • M&E indicators and data sources • using information for decision-making
(website)