Quantifying environmental health impacts

Global estimates of burden of disease caused by environmental risks

Water, sanitation and hygiene (WSH)

Source: Global Health Risks report.

WSH attributable diarrhoea deaths ('000) and DALYs ('000) by WHO regions, 2004


Diarrhoeal diseases
deaths DALYs
Afr 895 28684
Amr 56 2147
Emr 222 7222
Eur 30 1111
Sear 599 20088
Wpr 94 4511
HIC 5 283
Total 1902 64046

Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC) by WHO region. Afr: African Region (LMIC); Amr: Region of the Americas (LMIC); Emr: Eastern Mediterranean Region (LMIC); Eur: European Region (LMIC); Sear: South-East Asia Region (LMIC); WPR: Western Pacific Region (LMIC); HIC: High Income Countries.

Disease burden attributable to water, sanitation and hygiene

Deaths ('000) and DALYs ('000) by WHO regions, 2004


Subtotal water supply, sanitation and hygiene (a) Subtotal water resources management (b) Subtotal safety of water environments (c) Other infectious diseases (d)
deaths
Afr 1183 336 46 67
Amr 68 3 14 11
Emr 305 14 20 19
Eur 36 0 22 3
Sear 780 33 73 107
Wpr 110 9 96 22
HIC 5 0 10 15
Total 2487 396 281 245
DALYs
Afr 43876 12913 1334 1965
Amr 2932 127 385 202
Emr 11205 530 644 591
Eur 1406 1 523 89
Sear 32594 1399 2011 2122
Wpr 7032 402 2711 437
HIC 365 9 182 133
Total 99411 15381 7792 5540

(a) Include diarrhoeal diseases, intestinal nematode infections, protein-energy malnutrition, consequences of malnutrition, trachoma, schichstosomiasis, and lymphatic filariasis; (b) include malaria, dengue, onchocerciasis, japanaese encephalitis; (c) includes drowning; (d) not attributable to one disease group only, approximated estimate based on limited evidence.

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