Chapter 2
Advancing and sustaining universal coverage
People expect their health systems to be equitable. The roots of health inequities lie in social conditions outside the health system’s direct control. These root causes have to be tackled through intersectoral and cross-government action. At the same time, the health sector can take significant actions to advance health equity internally. The basis for this is the set of reforms that aim at moving towards universal coverage, i.e. towards universal access to health services with social health protection.
In this chapter
- The central place of health equity in PHC
- Moving towards universal coverage
- Challenges in moving towards universal coverage
- Targeted interventions to complement universal coverage mechanisms
- Mobilizing for health equity
Figures
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Catastrophic expenditure related to out-of-pocket payment at the point of service
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Three ways of moving towards universal coverage
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Impact of abolishing user fees on outpatient attendance in Kisoro district, Uganda: outpatient attendance 1998–2002
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Different patterns of exclusion: massive deprivation in some countries, marginalization of the poor in others. Births attended by medically trained personnel (percentage), by income group
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Under-five mortality in rural and urban areas, the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1980–2000
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Improving health-care outputs in the midst of disaster: Rutshuru, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1985–2004
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