Review
progress and performance
The use of data and information for periodic health sector progress and performance reviews is critical to understanding what is working and what has been achieved, and to discuss problems. The output of a review process (based on the highest-possible quality data and indicators) will support decision-making processes at all levels and can help generate consensus on corrective measures or action needed, including guiding resource allocation. Assessing equity dimensions, system performance, and enablers and barriers to effective access to and utilization of health care services are also key components of a review, which will enable informed decisions. Progress and performance reviews are part of national and local governance mechanisms that help ensure transparency and allow for debate between stakeholders.
Key elements
Regular analytical progress and performance reviews, with equity
All countries should assess and monitor progress and performance of their national health sector strategy or plan, including the extent to which equity in access to and availability of health care has been achieved.
Institutional capacity for analysis and learning
All countries should have national, institutionalized capacity for health data and statistics generation, synthesis, analysis, dissemination and use.
Regular analytical progress and performance reviews, with equity
Triple Billion dashboard
The Triple Billion dashboard tracks globally the work of WHO, countries, regions and partners to meet the Triple Billion targets and health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The tool is designed to measure and improve WHO’s impact on health at the country level. Measurement of these targets is closely aligned with those of the SDGs, to reduce country burden in data collection and streamline efforts to accelerate progress towards achieving key targets.
Publishers
WHO
Year
2020
Leading by example: A resource for global health decision-makers
Created to help decision-makers around the world quickly learn how countries have solved major challenges related to human resources for health. The goal is to ensure that research helps countries take action.
The resource aims to help public health decision-makers around the world to learn from the strategies successfully used by their peers elsewhere to improve the availability of their human resources for health, and to adapt elements of those strategies to their own settings. With input from in-country and global experts,countries that have made extraordinary progress in important health outcomes are analysed and the key takeaways disseminated.
Publishers
Exemplars in Global Health/BMGF
Year
2020
Health inequality monitoring resources
Monitoring health inequalities is crucial to identify differences in health between different population subgroups. This provides evidence on who is being left behind and informs health policies, programmes and practices that aim to close existing gaps and achieve health equity. The WHO Health equity monitor provides evidence on existing health inequalities and makes available tools and resources for health inequality monitoring, including:
- Health equity monitoring database– a large database of disaggregated data, which currently includes data for more than 30 reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health indicators, disaggregated by six dimensions of inequality, from over 360 international household health surveys conducted in 112 countries between 1991–2017.
- Interactive data visualizations - interactive presentation of data visualization from the Health Equity Monitor database.
- Health Equity Assessment Toolkit – Includes HEAT and HEAT Plus
Publishers
WHO
Year
Various
OneHealth tool
The OneHealth Tool is a software tool designed to inform national strategic health planning in low- and middle-income countries. While many costing tools take a narrow disease-specific approach, the OneHealth Tool attempts to link strategic objectives and targets of disease control and prevention programmes to the required investments in health systems. The tool provides planners with a single framework for scenario analysis, costing, health impact analysis, budgeting and financing of strategies for all major diseases and health system components. It is thus primarily intended to inform sector-wide national strategic health plans and policies. The detailed manual is accompanied by an online support function.
The development of the tool was overseen by the UN Inter-Agency Working Group on Costing (IAWG-COSTING) established in 2008 (WHO, UNICEF, WB, UNAIDS, UNFPA, UNDP) in collaboration with the Futures Institute. Technical inputs were solicited from expert advisory groups and country planners.
Publishers
Avenir Health
Year
2017
The Lives Saved Tool (LiST)
The Lives Saved Tool (LiST) estimates the impact of scaling up health and nutrition interventions on maternal, newborn and child health, and stillbirths. LiST is a part of Spectrum, a software package maintained by Avenir Health. The model been used for over 10 years and is regularly updated to incorporate the latest evidence from the scientific literature and household survey data. The tool was developed by JHBSPH with financial support from BMGF.
Publishers
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Year
2017
Modeling Physical Accessibility to Health Care and Geographic Coverage (AccessMod©)
AccessMod is a free toolbox developed by WHO to help countries examine the geographic aspects of their health system. Using geographic information systems (GIS) it measures physical accessibility to health care and estimates geographic coverage of an existing health facility network, and then links the results to national policy and planning discussions.
Publishers
WHO
Year
2017
Equitable Impact Sensitive Tool (EQUIST)
EQUIST is a web-based analytical platform used for strategic planning and prioritization of maternal, newborn and child health interventions, as well as allocation of related resources in low- and middle-income countries. The explicit goal of EQUIST is to reduce health disparities between marginalized mothers and young children and their better-off counterparts. EQUIST helps policy-makers select strategies that balance the principles of equity, effectiveness and efficiency by leading them through a logical process to identify the most rational and cost-effective solutions for their context.
Publishers
UNICEF/Community Systems Foundation (CSF)
Year
2016
Institutional capacity for analysis and learning
Analysis and use of health facility data
Based on WHO-recommended service delivery and programmatic standards, this toolkit comprises a set of resources to optimize the collection, analysis and use of data gathered through routine health facility information systems, also known as health management information systems (HMIS). The current and forthcoming standards include key disease and programme areas such as immunization, malaria, HIV, TB, reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health (RMNCAH), hepatitis B, neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), and noncommunicable diseases.
Publishers
WHO and University of Oslo
Year
2019
Data Quality Review: A toolkit for facility data quality assessment
The DQR toolkit provides a framework to assess the quality of data generated from health facilities. It provides standard metrics and methods to measure data quality that can apply across all programme areas (allowing users to determine if data quality issues are systemic or specific to certain programme areas), and harmonizes multiple disease- and donor-specific data quality tools and review processes. The modular toolkit provides guidance for routine desk review of data quality as well as an in-facility assessment of data quality. To make it simpler for users and managers of facility data to conduct routine data quality checks, these standards have also been incorporated into DHIS 2 (for those countries that have DHIS 2).
Publishers
WHO, the Global Fund, Gavi, and USAID/Measure Evaluation
Year
2017
Routine Health Information Systems (RHIS): a curriculum on basic concepts and practice
This curriculum (including a syllabus, facilitator’s guide, and modules) provides training to help low- and middle-income countries meet the challenge of strengthening their routine health information system (RHIS). Its purpose is to enhance participants’ capacity to conceptualize, design, develop, govern, and manage an RHIS—and use the information the system generates to improve public health practice and service delivery.
The curriculum was jointly developed by MEASURE Evaluation (funded by USAID) and WHO in collaboration with experts at the universities of Brussels, Oslo, and Queensland; the Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Mexico City; the Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi; and the Agence Européenne pour le Développement et la Santé, Brussels.
Publishers
USAID/Measure Evaluation/WHO
Year
2017
Survey
population and health risks
Count
births, deaths and causes of death
Optimize
health service data
Review
progress and performance
Enable
data use for policy and action