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Environment and health

    Overview

    The environment is a major determinant of health, estimated to account for almost 20% of all deaths in the WHO European Region.

    WHO response

    In 1989, concerned about the growing evidence of the impact of hazardous environments on human health, WHO/Europe initiated the first ever environment and health process, towards a broad primary prevention public health approach, and to facilitate intersectoral policy-making.

    Collaboration between different sectors is crucial to protect human health from the risks of a hazardous or contaminated environment. Through its European Centre on Environment and Health, WHO/Europe brings many players together with Member States to tackle central environment and health issues.

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    Our work

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    Promoting healthy active mobility

    Promoting healthy active mobility

    WHO
    Banner of the Social Media campaign Let's get moving! 100 Reasons to walk and cycle more
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    Overview

    WHO promotes safe and healthy active mobility to reduce physical inactivity, estimated to cause about 1 million deaths each year in the WHO European Region. Inactivity contributes to many noncommunicable diseases, which are responsible for a large part of the Region’s health burden. 

    Active mobility to enhance health and well-being

    Active mobility, such as walking and cycling, offers numerous benefits for our health, the environment and society. Walking and cycling enhance mental health and well-being and reduce the risk of many noncommunicable diseases, including cancer, type-2 diabetes, coronary heart disease and obesity. These health benefits translate into substantial cost savings for health-care systems. 

    Choosing to cycle or walk instead of driving also reduces traffic congestion, improves urban air quality, and helps mitigate climate change by reducing emissions of greenhouse gases. Unlike motor vehicles powered by combustion engines, active mobility produces little to no noise, leading to quieter urban environments. Walking- and cycling-friendly street designs reduce driving speeds, creating safer, greener and more lively cities for everyone. Embracing active mobility also provides opportunities to create green jobs, and directly contributes to achieving many of the Sustainable Development Goals.

    WHO’s response

    Promoting healthy and sustainable transport is at the core of the WHO European Programme of Work 2020–2025 – “United Action for Better Health in Europe”; the Global Action Plan on Physical Activity; the WHO European Environment and Health Process; and the Transport, Health and Environment Pan-European Programme (THE PEP), jointly led by WHO/Europe and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.

    WHO promotes healthy, active mobility by developing methods and tools to assess the health impacts of walking and cycling as modes of transport. It assists Member States in mainstreaming health concerns within transport and urban planning policies. Additionally, WHO conducts awareness-raising activities to highlight the opportunities and benefits of sustainable and healthy transport through social media campaigns and various health communication materials.

    The “Let’s get moving! 100 reasons to walk and cycle more” campaign 

    The #LetsGetMoving! campaign was created for THE PEP and developed by the WHO European Centre for Environment and Health. It highlights the numerous benefits of walking and cycling. From improving personal health and enhancing community well-being to protecting the environment and stimulating economic opportunities, these activities offer countless advantages. 

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    Publications

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    Report of the fourteenth meeting of the European Environment and Health Task Force: Utrecht, 26–27 June 2024

    The fourteenth meeting of the Environment and Health Task Force (‎EHTF)‎ was convened in Utrecht, Netherlands (‎Kingdom of the)‎ on 26...

    Nature-based solutions and health

    This report highlights the potential of nature-based solutions (‎NbS)‎ to simultaneously address human health and environmental sustainability....

    Documents

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    This document summarizes key considerations for improving the uptake of evidence on climate change and health into policy and practice through strengthening...

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    This document summarizes key evidence relevant to the opportunities and co-benefits of addressing climate change threats to human health in the WHO European...

    Related WHO collaborating centres

    WHO collaborating centres are institutions that form an international collaborative network carrying out activities to support WHO’s programmes at all levels. They provide an opportunity for WHO to utilize their inherent expertise for the benefit of all Member States.

    View the list of related collaborating centres