Avoidable mortality, risk factors and policies for tackling noncommunicable diseases in the WHO European Region: comprehensive report 2025

Overview

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases, remain the leading cause of death and disability in the WHO European Region. Approximately 1.8 million deaths annually are avoidable, with 60% preventable through reduced exposure to risk factors and public health interventions, and 40% treatable with timely and high-quality health care. While premature mortality has decreased since 2010, some countries have slowed progress following the disruption caused by the coronavirus disease pandemic. Progress towards many global targets has been made, but more work is needed to meet agreed targets by 2030. Inequalities between sexes and countries have decreased for mortality and air pollution, but increased for tobacco use, obesity, raised blood pressure and diabetes. The report notes that, in order to tackle NCDs and address the commercial and digital factors and social and environmental determinants of health, there is a need for accelerated multisectoral whole-of-government and whole-of-society action, integrated policies, enhanced preventive measures and strengthened health systems.