WHO press conference on coronavirus disease (COVID-19) - 7 July 2021

Summary
WHO regular press briefing on COVID-19, 7 July 2021
WHO Team
Department of Communications (DCO)

Transcript


00:00:26

TJ           Hello to everyone. Welcome to the WHO press conference on COVID-19, July 7th 2021. My name is Tarik Jasarevic and we will hear from our experts here at WHO on the latest situation and we will be able to answer your questions today.

As always we have interpretation in six UN languages plus Hindi and Portuguese so journalists wishing to ask questions should click on the icon raise hand. Be brief and be able to use any of those six languages plus Portuguese to ask the question. In the room with us we have Dr Tedros, WHO Director-General, Dr Maria Van Kerkhove, Technical Lead on COVID-19, Dr Mike Ryan, Executive Director of the WHO Programme for Emergencies, Dr Soumya Swaminathan, our Chief Scientist and we also have Dr Mariangela Simao, Assistant Director-General, Access to Medicines and Health Products.

We have a couple of other WHO experts online who will be there to answer any questions relevant to their field of expertise. Today we will have to finish the press briefing at 4:00 Geneva time because interpreters have another assignment to do so hopefully questions will be brief and we will try to be brief in our answers. With this I'll give the floor to Dr Tedros for his opening remarks.

00:02:10

TAG        Thank you. Thank you, Tarik. Good morning, good afternoon and good evening. The world is at a perilous point in this pandemic. We have just passed the tragic milestone of four million recorded COVID-19 deaths which likely underestimates the overall toll.

Some countries with high vaccination coverage are now planning to roll out booster shots in the coming months and are dropping public health and social measures and are relaxing as though the pandemic is already over.

However compounded by fast-moving variants and shocking inequity in vaccination far too many countries in every region of the world are seeing sharp spikes in cases and hospitalisation. This is leading to an acute shortage of oxygen, treatments and driving a wave of death in parts of Africa, Asia and Latin America.

Vaccine nationalism where a handful of nations have taken the lion's share is morally indefensible and an ineffective public health strategy against a respiratory virus that's mutating quickly and becoming increasingly effective at moving from human to human.

00:03:39

At this stage in the pandemic the fact that millions of health and care workers have still not been vaccinated is abhorrent. Variants are currently winning the race against vaccines because of inequitable vaccine production and distribution which also threatens the global economic recovery.

It didn't have to be this way and it doesn't have to be this way going forward. From a moral, epidemiological or economic point of view now is the time for the world to come together to tackle this pandemic collectively.

Later this week G20 finance ministers and central bank governors will meet. This is another crucial opportunity for leaders to take urgent steps to end the acute stage of this pandemic, providing the necessary funding to scale up the equitable manufacturing and distribution of health tools.

I have called repeatedly for 10% of people in all countries to be vaccinated by September and for that figure to rise to 40% by the end of the year. It would position the world on the path to vaccinating 70% of the people in all countries by the middle of 2022.

00:05:08

I call on the G20 finance ministers and other leaders to get behind these targets collectively because it's the fastest way to end the acute stage of the pandemic, save lives and livelihoods and drive a truly global economic recovery.

We're making scientific breakthroughs in global trials but the impact is limited if we don't share them equitably. It's not charity. It's the best way to end the acute stage of this pandemic, slow virus variants down and drive a global economic recovery.

Just yesterday we recommended the use of IL6 receptor blockers, a type of monoclonal antibody, in patients with severe or critical COVID-19. This treatment along with corticosteroids is strongly recommended for patients with severe or critical disease.

This followed a comprehensive new analysis of 27 randomised trials involving nearly 11,000 patients which found that treating hospitalised COVID-19 patients with IL6 receptor blockers reduces the risk of death and the need for mechanical ventilation. The study was co-ordinated by WHO and is an outstanding example of collaboration amongst trialists and methodologists that allowed us to transparently bring high-quality evidence from around the world together, analyse it and develop timely recommendations.

00:07:09

The trial demonstrated that for the critically ill the use of IL6 receptor blockers led to approximately 28 fewer deaths for every 1,000 patients. The medicines also meant the chance of severe and critically ill patients being put on a ventilator was reduced by 28% compared with standard care.

So together with corticosteroids these drugs help to decouple cases from deaths by saving further lives and preventing people with COVID-19 from progressing to even more severe illness. I also want to put on record my thanks for the global collaboration between international researchers and the patients who agreed to be part of the trials.

However, like vaccines and other health tools, this breakthrough will only be effective if we can scale up manufacturing and distribute equitably. At present IL6 receptor blockers remain inaccessible and unaffordable for the majority of the world but it's within the power of governments and manufactures to change that.

Going forward it's key that the therapeutic arm of the ACT Accelerator is fully funded so further research and development can uncover more life-saving medicines for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

00:08:51

The pandemic has been hard on everyone but it has been particularly difficult for children. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to many more children experiencing domestic violence and psychosocial distress which has been compounded by distractions to their education, support networks and care services.

We know that violence affected far too many children before the pandemic. It's widespread and often hidden from public view in homes, schools, communities and online. Children who are exposed to violence and trauma are significantly more likely to develop mental health conditions including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress and behavioural and substance use disorders.

00:09:52

They're also more likely to die by suicide. Urgent action is required to address the mental health impacts of violence and trauma experienced during childhood and which has been amplified during this pandemic.

Tomorrow I will join Her Majesty Queen Matilda of the Belgians along with the UN Secretary-General, Antonio Guterres, UNICEF Executive Director, Henrietta Ford, and other leaders to discuss the impact of violence on the mental health of children.

As well as looking to accelerate the end of this pandemic, giving children the support they need must be a top priority as we come out of it. We must help them come to terms with what they have experienced and have a chance at a more hopeful future. I hope you will join us.

Finally we're shocked by the tragic news from Haiti and want to express our deepest condolences on the passing of President Jovenal Moise to his family and friends and to the whole nation, Haiti. Our condolences as well to the people of Haiti at this terrible time. Tarik, back to you.

TJ           Thank you, Dr Tedros. I'll open the floor to questions and we will ask journalists to be brief and ask only one question if possible. We will start with Norwegian Broadcasting Agency and we have Peter Swar with us. Peter, please unmute yourself.

00:11:55

PE          Thank you very much; a question for Dr Tedros. Just to follow up on your introduction there when you talked about the vaccine inequity being morally indefensible, the Norwegian Government recently announced its intention to vaccinate 16 and 17-year-olds although the final decision will be made in September and several other European nations have recently made similar decisions.

How do you view Norway and other countries who are planning to vaccinate teenagers with little to no risk?

TJ           Thank you very much, Peter, for this question. We have online Ann Lindstrand who is Unit Head of the Essential Programme on Immunisation, who may address this question. Ann, please unmute yourself.

AN         Yes, thank you from Norway. I think several countries are considering, thinking of using the COVID-19 vaccines in the paediatric population now that large parts of the adult population have been reached.

00:13:00

To date SAGFE, our strategic advisory group of experts, have recommended the possible use of Pfizer vaccine particularly which is so far the only one that has granted particularly the EU role from Iman FDA down to even 12 years of age and EUL for WHO is down to 16 and we are looking at the data very quickly; we'll probably also have EUL for paediatric use down to 12 years.

The vaccine is safe and efficacious in the population. However as we well know it's not the paediatric population that is suffering the most from the COVID-19 vaccine infection when it comes to severe consequences of the infection.

It is the adults and it's the medical risk groups and so the consideration here from SAGE was really to say, yes, you can use it but be mindful about the limited supply that Dr Tedros just talked about, that we are all painfully aware of and please consider in this limited supply that before going and expanding into paediatric population groups you would first consider actually sharing the doses with COVAX or dose-sharing with another mechanism to other parts of the world where the doses are needed much more.

So that's a recommendation from SAGE and so the vaccines are safe and efficacious but in this pandemic right now, the situation we're in, for all the reasons that Dr Tedros was giving the vaccine equitable access is more important to protect vulnerable healthcare workers or elderly in low-income countries before expanding into populations in high-income countries that may not suffer the same consequences of the infection. Thank you.

00:15:15

TJ           Thank you very much, Dr Lindstrand, our Unit Head for the Essential Programme on Immunisation. Let's go to AFP and we have Robin Miller with us. Robin.

RO         Thank you. England is dropping almost all of its COVID restrictions on July 19th including the requirement to wear masks indoors including shops and on public transport. At a time when cases are shooting up with 100,000 daily cases forecast within weeks what does the panel think of this decision? Thank you.

MK         Thanks for the question. I can start and others may want to come in. As you know, we're tracking this virus circulation all over the world and we're seeing sharp increases in cases in far too many countries right now around the world, countries that are in all WHO regions around the world.

00:16:17

Our recommendations remain the same, of taking a comprehensive approach. Having said that, this comprehensive approach includes good surveillance, robust surveillance, active testing and testing that gets results back quickly so that appropriate care can be given in isolation for infected individuals, so that contact tracing can take place, so that we prevent the onward spread.

It means ensuring that our health workers are protected, are trained, are working and operating in a safe environment, having the supplies that we need to care for individuals and carry out all of these necessary actions to prevent infections, to prevent the spread, to save lives and to get our economies back on track.

So we continue to recommend a comprehensive approach to suppressing transmission. Having said that, the guidance that we lay out is up to the governments to set those policies, to enact them. What we recommend are agile, adaptive approaches that are based on the local situation, taking into account the intensity of transmission and if trends are increasing, if trends are decreasing and looking at the intensity and the level of interventions that are needed in place.

This includes individual-level measures; it includes making sure that communities are well-informed to know what they need to do in the areas that they live in. So our recommendations remain the same; our goal is to suppress transmission, is to save lives and so we need those policies in place in all countries to be able to carry those out and we need people supported in being able to carry out those levels of action.

00:17:56

MR         I think it's also a moment for extreme caution for countries right now. It's been good to see the drop-off in hospitalisations and deaths in many countries that are achieving high vaccination levels. I wish we could achieve that in all countries with increasing vaccination levels for the most vulnerable but that's not to say that it's not a good thing in the countries where it's been achieved.

What we are seeing though even in Europe - all regions of WHO have increasing cases in this last week. There's been a 33% increase in cases in the European region in the last week so this is not a flat curve; this is an increasing curve.

Making assumptions that transmission will not increase because we're opening up because of vaccine is a false assumption. Transmission will increase when you open up because, number one, we don't have vaccines in everybody and, number two, the vaccine coverage rates are lower and we're not still sure to what extent vaccination protects against the ability to be infected or have onward transmission.

00:19:07

This means with increased transmission in the community we then put our most vulnerable at risk again and there are many countries that have not achieved levels of vaccination amongst their most vulnerable, their older and people with underlying conditions or younger people with underlying conditions even that would make lifting of all public health and special measures prudent at this time.

Each country has to make its own decision. We're not here to be a nanny state to countries but simple, straightforward individual and personal measures that reduce the risk of you transmitting virus or being exposed like mask-wearing are very simple, they're very effective and it's all about your own personal risk management.

It's about preventing being exposed to the virus and preventing you exposing others to the virus. It's about proximity; how close you are to other people. It's about density; how many people are with you in the area you're in, is it inside. It's about duration; how long am I spending in that environment?

00:20:13

So you would imagine that underground transport for example - the example you gave - is potentially prolonged contact with many individuals in an enclosed indoor space. Individuals need to make their own decisions. People are smart, people have common sense, although some people say common sense is not that common.

It's very important now that individuals themselves look to what's happening around them. Maria has said this many times here in the past; look around in your community, know the local numbers. If the virus is present in your community and transmitting and you're a vulnerable person and you're not vaccinated then you are potentially going to be exposed.

So the idea that everyone is protected and it's Kum Ba Yah and everything goes back to normal, I think, right now is a very dangerous assumption anywhere in the world and it's still a very dangerous assumption in the European environment.

00:21:05

A lot of gains have been won over the last number of months; many countries have suffered; even the high-vaccination countries have suffered; their health systems have suffered. We need to think about what we truly value.

Do we value going back to school in September, do we value our universities going back online, do we value our workplaces and can we then continue to maintain key behaviours that reduce risk of transmission, key public health measures that reduce the risk of transmission without disrupting normal life to the extent to which we've had that disruption over the last year-and-a-half?

So I would say - and I'm not going to comment on specific circumstances but I would ask governments, we would ask governments to be really careful at this moment not to lose the gains you've made, to open up very carefully.

We've seen over the last six months case after case, country after country in which there was a lot of increase in social mixing without adequate vaccine coverage and we've seen wave after wave of cases.

I would hope that in the European environment we won't see a return to the overwhelmed hospitals and the exhausted health workers but that's not a given.

00:22:16

This virus is evolving, this virus is changing and we need to be very, very careful at this moment so that the gains that have been hard-won by the behaviours and action of our population are sustained and that we gain the benefit collectively of all of that effort.

So individual behaviour and government support to that behaviour; extremely important and I would urge extreme caution in the complete lifting of public health and social measures at this time because there are consequences for that.

TJ           Thanks to Dr Van Kerkhove and Dr Ryan. Let's move to the next question. We have the Indonesian service of Voice of America; Yuni Salim. Yuni, if you could unmute yourself, please.

YU          Thank you. My question is regarding the [unclear]. Is there any update on WHO policy on the clinical trial [unclear] on the use of Ivermectin, the COVID treatment which is being widely used in Indonesia and other countries because of the spike of infection?

00:23:31

How long will the clinical trial last and what is needed so WHO can make a statement it's okay to be used as part of the treatment?

TJ           Thank you very much, Yuni. The line wasn't the best but I think we got the question; it's about Ivermectin and the trials around these treatments. We have Janet Diaz online, who is leading on the clinical aspects of COVID-19. Janet, would you please address this question?

JD          Thank you and thank you for the very important question. Just to also acknowledge that we recently, as the DG nicely shared with you, updated our clinical guidance so we did have a strong recommendation for the use of IL6 receptor blockers in patients with severe and critical COVID-19 for both life-saving, reducing mortality and reducing the need for invasive mechanical ventilation when used on top of corticosteroids.

I think that's a really important advancement in our clinical management and guidelines and I just wanted to take this opportunity to emphasise that again and to thank all those that participated in the trials; the trialists and the patients and their families.

00:24:44

In regard to Ivermectin we are continuously looking at the data for Ivermectin. We have a living systematic review that reviews new publications and incorporates that into our meta-analysis which is the way that we bring trial results from different studies around the world into one evidence synthesis in order to understand, is there a benefit or is there not.

Since our last update on Ivermectin we continue to have the same recommendation which is only to use Ivermectin in the context of clinical trials. That was based on a very low certainty of evidence when we did our meta-analysis and just to highlight the number of patients that were enrolled that actually had mortality data or need for mechanical ventilation, they were low numbers; 1,419 patients for mortality; 687 for need for invasive ventilation, meaning that we just needed more trials, which is why we wrote that recommendation as a special recommendation to really encourage to wait for more trial data in order to refine and update that recommendation.

00:25:52

So at this point we have not updated it since that publication which was at the end of March but we are closely following the literature and will update when it's necessary so thank you.

TJ           Thank you, Dr Diaz, for this. Now we will move on to the next question; John from Reuters. John Miller from Reuters. John, please.

JO          Thank you for taking my question. It sounds as if you're sharpening your tone a bit with countries that have held large events, particularly in your remarks to open the meeting today. I'm wondering, do you think that we will look back on the Copa America and the Euro with regret because cases will rise in those countries that held the events after they're over? Thanks very much.

MR         Thanks, John. If you think that was a sharp tone you don't know me. I think what we've been trying to continually reinforce no matter what the setting, whether the setting is a situation in country in government policy, whether it's managing schools, whether it's managing mass-gathering events is taking a risk management approach; knowing the risks, knowing the local epidemiology, trying to reduce the risk of transmission to the lowest possible level in the circumstances and ensuring that the activity that's been undertaken, whether that's a school activity or something else, is prioritised by everybody as being something that's necessary, as something that should go ahead and that has social, cultural and other value then you work so hard to try and reduce those risks.

00:27:40

So we're not sharpening our tone; what we're saying is, please stick to the plan. Risk management hasn't been perfect in this pandemic but it has saved a lot of lives. It has slowed down the pandemic at key times, it has kept the pressure off the health system, it has allowed health workers and others to save many more lives by doing that.

Our hope was and still is that with vaccination we will take the pain, the tragedy and the suffering out of the pandemic. We're not there yet and that's what we're saying; we're not there yet. We need to stick to the plan so we need to be careful. It doesn't matter what the event is.

In terms of gathering events and looking back, I'm sure many people will look back with many regrets. The real question when you look back on anything is whether or not you can reassure yourself that you understood risks, that you tried to manage and reduce those risks to zero and when something happened you reacted to that reality.

00:28:36

I'm not going to comment on specific events or mass gatherings. What I would want to make sure is all of those individuals and countries and institutions planning events in the coming months; that due care and attention be paid to managing the risks associated with that.

It's exactly the same as opening schools, opening universities, managing social life. Moving forward we need to ensure that social engagements where people come together; that we assess the risks, we inform people and we manage and reduce those risks to as close to zero as possible and we're able to prioritise which of those events and which of those social gatherings are necessary, are valuable to our society.

I think overall there's been a huge collaboration around the world in many institutions organising virtual events, scaled-back events, no-spectator events and gradually learning more and more about how to manage those risks associated with sports and other gatherings.

00:29:45

We're seeing a tremendous amount of new knowledge being generated and new techniques and new approaches. We would just like to see all of that knowledge approach used so that as we move forward now over the coming six months or a year we apply all of that learning around mass-gathering events, around all of that so we absolutely do whatever we can to reduce the risk of transmission associated with those events. Maria.

MK         Yes, thanks. I can attest that if you think that was Mike being sharp then you don't know him very well. But I think we've been very blunt; I think we try to speak openly, honestly, with humility but we need to be blunt when we need to be blunt. The global situation is... We're not in a good place.

The DG has said it many times, every time he speaks; we're not in a good place. In Africa there was a 16.7% increase in cases in the last seven days. There was a 16.4% increase in the Eastern Mediterranean region, a 33% increase in cases across Europe, an 8.6% increase in South-east Asia, a 10% increase in the Western Pacific.

00:30:52

The only region that had a decline in cases was the Americas but if you break that down by country - I counted again this morning - there are more than two dozen countries that have epidemic curves that are almost vertical right now, almost vertical. This is not the situation we should be in when we have tools at hand.

There are four major factors that are driving transmission. One is the virus itself. This is a dangerous virus to begin with. Now we have these virus variants that have increased transmissibility. The delta variant is now detected in 104 countries, the alpha variant in 173 countries, the beta variants in 122 countries and the gamma variant in 74.

Some countries have all four of these variants of concern circulating. The delta variant has increased transmissibility, even more increased transmissibility than the alpha variant. If that virus takes hold it will spread.

The second factor is mixing so you mentioned some specific events. We know that the social mixing, the social mobility of people is increasing around the world. These are small gatherings, whether these are at somebody's home and you have other families that are coming together, perhaps indoors, maybe not outdoors, maybe you don't have the right restrictions in place or interventions in place like distancing or masks for example, or large events.

00:32:14

We know that these events around the world, whether they're sporting events or the associated side-events, the fan-zones that you see of people outside; religious events, religious gatherings; many different types of gatherings whether they are spontaneous protests for example or not drive transmission because you bring people together if the right interventions are not in place.

The third factor is reduced use, inappropriate use of public health and social measures. The use of these measures does not mean lock-down. Public health and social measures are not lock-down. It's a combination of interventions from the individual level to the community level and it covers everything from wearing a mask, physical distancing, avoiding the three Cs, these crowded indoor spaces, spending more time outdoors than indoors, improving ventilation, keeping your hands clean, etc, etc.

00:33:11

The last factor that's challenging us right now is the inequitable and uneven distribution of vaccines and you've heard us talk about this over and over again. Large parts of the world remain susceptible to infection. If you have variants of concern that are circulating, if you have increased social mobility and social mixing, if you have the inappropriate use of public health and social measures and you have a very susceptible population the virus will thrive.

The virus is showing us right now that it's thriving. This is not theoretical. We're not talking about a what-if situation right now; we're not talking about preparing for a surge. It's happening now so what are we learning?

The question was about regrets. The question should be, what should we do now in taking all the knowledge that we have? We have the upper hand here. The virus is mutating, it's changing. Even the delta variant itself is mutating and it will continue to do so. We still have the upper hand. Let's use the tools that we have to keep transmission down, drive down transmission and really be smart; play it safe, be smart, do what we can at individual level, have really strong policies that are agile, that adapt to the local situation.

00:34:24

We all really need to play our part here and do what we can do drive this transmission down. The virus has a hold over us right now and we need to regain control over this virus.

TJ           Thank you very much. We have ten minutes left so let's try to take a few more questions. We have Naomi Ringley from BBC. Naomi, please unmute yourself.

NA         Ask Dr Ryan another question about the UK change of policy because I think it's been watched around the world. Part of the Government's reasoning, they say, is that if they have an exit wave now in August it's better than having one later in September so they're gambling on cases going up sharply and then falling back down pretty sharply.

Could you just explain to me a bit more about whether you think that's too hopeful or whether there are some good grounds to believe that that would work?

MR         Thanks for the question. I'm not aware that that's the logic driving our colleagues in the United Kingdom. I suspect it's not. I would like to verify that that's the logic but the logic that more people being infected is better is, I think, logic that has proven its moral emptiness and its epidemiologic stupidity previously.

00:35:53

TJ           Thank you very much. Catrine Fiancan Bukonga, our colleague from Geneva press corps, working for France 24. Catrine.

CA          Thank you so much. My question is related to the summer. As Mike and Maria said, with summer countries are opening up widely to vaccinated people but differences are made between the people that are vaccinated with WHO-approved COVID-19 vaccines, the ones that are approved by the European Medicines Agency and now we also see a difference made between the AstraZeneca produced in India or in other sites and even people vaccinated with injections made in Africa or Europe.

People vaccinated with Sputnik often are considered not vaccinated so I would like to have your position on that. Aren't vaccines that are recognised by WHO and the EMA official vaccines - in quotes?

TJ           Thank you, Catrine.

CA          What is that discrimination between the kind of vaccines or the place you've been injected with the doses?

00:37:23

TJ           Thank you, Catrine.

MS         Thank you, Catrine. Let me start by saying that the European vaccine certificate is aiming at facilitating the transit of people who are resident in Europe or are nationals from different European Union countries.

Then the regulation, the conditional market approval for vaccines in Europe is done by the European Medicines Agency; that's one fact. The new [?] resolution is strongly recommending for ending the Schengen space that countries accept vaccinations that were approved by WHO through the emergency use listing and that includes the AstraZeneca vaccine that's being produced in the Serum Institute of India.

Sputnik vaccine is still being assessed by WHO; it hasn't been emergency use listed although it's authorised, I think, in two countries in Europe but the WHO is still assessing the dossier and has done inspections in Russia in the manufacturers so this process is not finalised yet so this vaccine is yet to be listed by WHO.

00:38:46

Now we are of course in conversations with the European Union and we are also working with the different member states in their internal policies they are adopting for entry into the Schengen space. The recommendation is that they use WHO emergency use listing.

Let me say that this is a new name that we're using during this pandemic but it's a procedure from the pre-qualification of vaccines programme which is one programme that WHO has done for many, many years, since the 1980s and uses very stringent internationally-recognised standards for the quality of the manufacturing, quality assurance of the vaccine, for the safety and efficacy of the vaccine.

So this is a very solid process and that's why we believe it's promising that individual countries in the Schengen space will approve the entry of people who have been vaccinated with WHO-approved vaccines. Thank you.

TJ           Thank you, Dr Simao. We have time for one, potentially two questions so let's go to Bloomberg; Corinne, can you please ask your question?

CO          Thank you. I was just wondering if you can give an update on what the latest is and any new inquiry into the coronavirus origins. I know a while ago the WHO was having informal consultations with member states about the next phase so any idea yet what the next steps might be?

00:40:27

MR         Thank you. No, we continue to consult with our member states quite intensively and are putting together the framework for moving forward with this whole endeavour with a view to a short, medium and long-term approach to studying the origins of this virus but also a broader framework for studying the origins of all viruses in future.

I think what we are learning in this process is that we need stronger frameworks to do this work in general and we're working to both deal with this immediate issue of the origins of SARS-CoV-2 but also put in place a reliable, transparent, open and collaborative framework for doing this work now and into the future.

Forgive us as we do this very carefully in trying to bring all of the best minds together to get ourselves both a solution for now and for the long term and again thank you all for creating the space in which we can progress the science and our knowledge in the absence of politics.

00:41:33

TJ           Thank you very much, Dr Ryan. Last question from Maya Plants, Geneva-based correspondent. Maya.

MA         Thank you very much. My question is regarding the measures that are being taken now in the UK. What is the opinion of the experts at the WHO regarding this trial that they're making?

TJ           Maya, I'm not sure we understood your question. Can you just repeat your question, please?

MA         There are some new measures now in the United Kingdom that are taking place like lifting restrictions, going for some sort of herd immunity.

TJ           Maya, this question has been answered but Mike will repeat.

MR         No, just again I honestly don't believe that that's the intention of the United Kingdom. We'll certainly follow up with them. Every country right now is lifting restrictions in one way or the other. All countries are tying to reach a balance of measures that allow their societies to open up, allow activities to return to something resembling normal while trying to maintain an element of control over the virus while trying to increase vaccination.

00:42:57

Maria's made the point before extremely well; we have to be very cautious, we have to be very careful, we have to be ready to step forward but we also have to be ready to step back. We know for example that the United Kingdom has very high rates and they've achieved great success in vaccination and part of the dividend for that is supposed to be a more opening-up of society.

But at this point - and our point has been and I'm sure it's in the consideration of the excellent scientists and the excellent professionals who advise and manage the UK public health system, that they're also very aware and very alert to the threat represented by variants, especially the delta variant, are going to open up very cautiously and will be ready to adjust that opening-up according to the epidemiology.

00:43:50

I think that's what we need to do; we need to manage this by looking at the data, looking at the virus, knowing where the virus is. If the virus - and we've said this for Europe; Maria laid out a 33% increase in cases in Europe in a week. Clearly we need a note of caution in how we do things.

We need to move forward very carefully and with options to be able to step back if we find that that process results in a negative consequence or an unintended outcome that's bad for our populations.

What we're saying in particular is that countries opening up who have very low levels of vaccine coverage in the presence of variants is a real toxic mixture for your hospitals filling up again and this is something that must absolutely be avoided.

But again I would say we have many very, very good colleagues in the United Kingdom and I don't honestly believe that they would be... They're obviously trying to use vaccination to get to some level of herd immunity; that's a totally laudable objective.

But the idea of allowing people to be infected in order to achieve that, I think, is something that the UK has made it very clear in the past is not part of its core strategy in responding to COVID and neither is it for any other country I'm aware of at the moment.

TJ           Thank you, Dr Ryan. Maybe, maybe you want to listen to what has been said previously in this press briefing when there was more being developed on this question. With this we will have to close this press conference. We will send an audio file a little bit later and the transcript will be posted tomorrow morning. The final word to Dr Tedros.

TAG        Yes, thank you. Thank you, Tarik. I would like to thank all the media colleagues who have joined us today. Thank you for joining us and see you in our upcoming presser. Thank you.

00:45:51

Speaker key

TJ Tarik Jasarevic TAG Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus PE Peter AN Ann Lindstrand RO Robin MK Dr Maria Van Kerkhove MR Dr Michael Ryan YU Yuni JD Dr Janet Diaz JO John NA Naomi CA Catrine MS Dr Mariangela Simao CO Corinne MA Maya