CTC publications and guidance

WHO guidance documents on CTC implementation

1 August 2015

Vaccine Management Handbook: How to monitor temperatures in the vaccine supply chain

18 October 2023

HPV vaccine delivery through a controlled temperature chain

15 July 2013

Use of MenAfriVac™ (‎meningitis A vaccine)‎ in a controlled temperature chain (‎CTC)‎ during campaigns : training module for organizing immunization sessions

15 July 2013

Use of MenAfriVac™ (‎meningitis A vaccine)‎ in a controlled temperature chain (‎CTC)‎ during campaigns: guidance for immunization programme decision-makers and managers

15 July 2013

Use of MenAfriVac™ (‎meningitis A vaccine)‎ in a controlled temperature chain (‎CTC)‎ during campaigns : adaptation guide and facilitators guide

Guidance for Oral Cholera Vaccine (OCV) delivery through a controlled temperature chain has yet to be finalized, but can be made available on request to vaccines@who.int.

Toutes les publications ci-dessus (sauf celle sur le HPV) sont également disponibles en français. Merci de cliquez sur chaque lien pour accéder à la version française.


Other scientific articles on CTC implementation

Controlled temperature chain for vaccination in low- and middle-income countries: a realist evidence synthesis (2022)
WHO Bulletin - Christopher P Seaman et al.
Antivenoms, hepatitis B vaccine and oral polio vaccine can be considered for storage and handling outside the cold chain following the innovative ‘controlled temperature chain’ approach
Biologicals article - Shereen H. Mohamed et al.
Evidence of Extended Thermo-Stability of Typhoid Polysaccharide Conjugate Vaccines
Microorganisms article - Fang Gao et al.
Use of controlled temperature chain and compact prefilled auto-disable devices to reach 2030 hepatitis B birth dose vaccination targets in LMICs: a modelling and cost-optimisation study
The Lancet article - Christopher P Seaman et al.
Cost-effectiveness of the controlled temperature chain for the hepatitis B virus birth dose vaccine in various global settings: a modelling study (2018)
The Lancet article - Nick Scott et al.
7 July 2017

Hepatitis B vaccines: WHO position paper – July 2017

Countries’ interest in a hepatitis B vaccine licensed for the controlled temperature chain; survey results from African and Western Pacific regions (2017)
Elsevier / Vaccine article - Petit et al.
An economic evaluation of the controlled temperature chain approach for vaccine logistics: evidence from a study conducted during a meningitis A vaccine campaign in Togo (2017)
The Pan African Medical Journal - Mercy Mvundura et al.
Extending supply chains and improving immunization coverage and equity through controlled temperature chain use of vaccines (2017)
Elsevier / Vaccine article - Anna-Lea Kahn et al.
Impact of Controlled Temperature Chain (CTC) approach on immunization coverage achieved during the preventive vaccination campaign against meningitis A using MenAfriVac in Togo in 2014 (2017)
The Pan African Medical Journal - Dadja Essoya Landoh et al.
Guidelines on the stability evaluation of vaccines for use under extended controlled temperature conditions. In: WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization: sixty-sixth report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016: Annex 5 (2016)
WHO Technical Report Series, No. 999
Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (IPAC) Statement Out of cold chain (OCC) and Controlled Temperature Chain (CTC) use of vaccines (2016)
IPAC Statement
A cluster randomized non-inferiority field trial on the immunogenicity and safety of tetanus toxoid vaccine kept in controlled temperature chain compared to cold chain (2014)
Elsevier / Vaccine article - Aitana Juan-Giner et al.
Benefits of using vaccines out of the cold chain: Delivering Meningitis A vaccine in a controlled temperature chain during the mass immunization campaign in Benin (2014)
Elsevier / Vaccine article - Simona Zipursky et al.
Economic benefits of keeping vaccines at ambient temperature during mass vaccination: the case of meningitis A vaccine in Chad (2014)
WHO Bulletin - Patrick Lydon et al.
A field based evaluation of adverse events following MenAfriVac® vaccine delivered in a controlled temperature chain (CTC) approach in Benin (2014)
The Pan African Medical Journal - Christoph Steffen et al.
Delivering MenAfriVac in Benin using the controlled temperature chain approach
Photobook. Case study. PATH publication