Further expanding on the issue of making choices that are considered fair, a 2014 WHO report titled, Making fair choices on the path to universal health coverage, emphasizes that decisions need to be made that balance multiple objectives, such as equity and efficiency (WHO 2014). The key takeaway from this resource is that developing a strategy for making fair decisions is indeed possible, and compatible with the goals of UHC. This resource presents the following three-part strategy to inform progressive realization of UHC: 

• Categorize services into priority classes. Relevant criteria include those related to cost-effectiveness, priority to the worse off, and financial risk protection. 

• First expand coverage for high-priority services to everyone. This includes eliminating out-of-pocket payments while increasing mandatory, progressive prepayment with pooling of funds. 

• While doing so, ensure that disadvantaged groups are not left behind. These will often include low-income groups and rural populations. 

In addition to the theoretical contribution of this resource, boxes are provided with calculations and country case studies. A final section of the report also provides a helpful guide for how to think through trade-offs.