Preparing and preventing epidemics and pandemics

The number of high-threat infectious hazards continues to rise; some of these are re-emerging and others are new. While outbreaks of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases, such as meningococcal disease, yellow fever and cholera, can have disastrous effects in areas with limited health infrastructure and resources, and where timely detection and response is difficult.

WHO develops global strategies for the prevention and control of epidemic-prone diseases, such as yellow fever, cholera and influenza. With partners from a wide range of technical, scientific and social fields, WHO brings together all globally available resources to counter these high-threat infectious hazards and scale these strategies to regional and country levels. 

Flagship global strategies include: 

  • the Eliminate Yellow Fever Epidemics strategy 2017-2026;
  • Ending Cholera: a Global Roadmap to 2030;
  • the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) Framework; and 
  • the Global Strategy for Influenza 2018-2030.

WHO is also the secretariat for the governance of global emergency stockpiles, including the International Coordinating Group on Vaccine Provision, which manages and coordinates the provision of emergency vaccine supplies and antibiotics to countries during major outbreaks.

Our work

Strengthening the global health-security interface

Strengthening the global health-security interface

WHO/Sophie Allain Ioos
CBRN demo in Strasbourg, France, March 2024
© Credits

Overview

WHO’s vision is a world where all people attain the highest possible standard of health and well-being. Its mission, to promote health, keep the world safe, and serve the vulnerable, includes making one billion more people better protected against health emergencies.

Triple Billion Dashboard

Within the mandates of the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR) and resolutions WHA55.16 (2002) and WHA74.7 (2021), WHO is a key leader of global public health responses to acute health-security events, including in cases where the deliberate use of biological materials and chemicals to cause harm is suspected or confirmed. WHO interacts with multiple sectors, including security sector partners, within its public health mission and mandate, to prepare for and respond to global health security risks of any origin.

In this context, the Biosecurity and Health Security Protection (BSP) Unit works to:

  • strengthen WHO’s leadership in the public health response to natural, accidental or deliberate events;
  • strengthen and improve WHO’s relationships in the health and the security interface at international levels;
  • assess emerging scientific and technological trends for their health security implications; and
  • conduct capacity building at national, regional and global levels for preparedness and response to acute health security crises.

WHO and its Member States continue to consult and cooperate closely on developing common understandings and appropriate strategies at the global health-security interface, including through the identification of needs, gaps and synergies in the effective preparedness and response for current and future health security emergencies.

Publications

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Middle East respiratory syndrome: global summary and assessment of risk

This global summary and assessment of risk for Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) reviews the global disease situation as of 5 January 2026. It replaces...

Air quality indexes: key considerations and roadmaps for best practices

Air quality indexes (AQIs) are widely used to communicate short-term air pollution concentrations and related health risks to the public. Conventional...

Simulation exercise for influenza A(H5N1) response on access, allocation, and deployment of medical countermeasures: meeting report, Geneva, Switzerland, 4–5 September 2025, Geneva.

This document presents findings from a WHO-convened simulation exercise exploring how medical countermeasures—including vaccines, antivirals, and...

Improved influenza vaccines: full value vaccine assessment

Seasonal influenza remains a major global public health challenge, causing substantial morbidity and mortality each year. The World Health Organization...