Essential resources for emergency, critical and operative care

Essential resources for emergency, critical and operative care

Overview

Essential Resources for Emergency, Critical and Operative care (EREC) are foundational to ensuring timely, effective, and life-saving interventions for acutely ill and injured individuals. Every day, health workers around the world manage a wide spectrum of acutely ill and injured patients—from infections and injuries to heart attacks, strokes, and obstetric complications. EREC offers an open-access bundle of tools tailored for the delivery of Emergency, Critical and Operative (ECO) care across the continuum, from community and primary care settings to the hospital. EREC emphasizes integrated approaches to care packages, platforms and pathways and supports structured care delivery that significantly reduces morbidity and mortality. These tools are designed to enhance capacity and optimize existing resources, making quality ECO services accessible in clinics and at first level hospitals.

Pathways, planning and assessment

PEAT allows a situational analysis of a prehospital system, gap identification, and development of an improvement plan. It is a standardised survey tool for system mapping and identification of gaps to inform development plans.

The HEAT is designed to evaluate the structure and key functions of an emergency unit to identify facility gaps and guide planning.

Integrated care delivery

Learning programmes

The Community First Aid Response course is designed for laypersons formally linked to the health system ) to recognize emergencies, provide simple life-saving interventions, and support safe transfer or handover.

The BEC equips first contact health workers to rapidly recognize, assess, and manage life-threatening conditions using a systematic approach.

Clinical process tools

WHO’s Prehospital Toolkit provides resources to strengthen emergency care before patients reach health facilities, focusing on governance, operations, training, equipment, communication, and quality improvement.

The ECT is an open-access package of interventions designed to support systematic, high-quality care of patients in hospital emergency units.

High-impact areas

Condition specific

Sepsis, trauma, and palliative care occur across all settings, requiring timely recognition and coordinated management. Their complexity underscores the need for strong ECO care systems to deliver integrated, patient-centred responses.

Implementation and advocacy

Integrating ECO into national policies, service packages, and training programmes is critical to strengthen system readiness for acute conditions. Country stories illustrate real-world progress and lessons learned, while advocacy guides help mobilize commitment, financing, and partnerships. Networks enable coordinated advocacy and action across countries and partners, demonstrating how ECO reduces preventable deaths, strengthens health security, and embeds acute care within universal health coverage.

Publications

Advocating for emergency care: a guide for nongovernmental organizations

Developed collaboratively by WHO, including the WHO Global Alliance for Care of the Injured, and the Global Alliance of NGOs for Road Safety, this guide...

Post-crash response: supporting those affected by road traffic crashes

The Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020 provides a framework for key activities that governments, international agencies, civil society organizations...